Research Paper for Meyers Briggs Essay

According to the Myers Briggs Type Indicator, I am classified as an ESFJ—Extraverted, Sensing, Feeling, and Judging. I scored 56% on extravert—being outgoing, loud, non-secretive. I prefer to sense things rather than trusting my intuition by only 12%. I scored highest on the feeling over thinking category with 62% towards feeling. There was only an 11% difference between judging vs. perceiving. â€Å"Guardians of birthdays, holidays and celebrations, ESFJs are generous entertainers. They enjoy and joyfully observe traditions and are liberal in giving, especially where custom prescribes. All else being equal, ESFJs enjoy being in charge. They see problems clearly and delegate easily, work hard and play with zest. ESFJs, as do most SJs, bear strong allegiance to rights of seniority. They willingly provide service (which embodies life’s meaning) and expect the same from others.† (Joe Butt, Extraverted Sensing Feeling Judging). I first heard about the test abo ut a year ago when my sister had to take it for her work, so I had a decent guess of what my results would be, if I ever got the chance to take the test. I pegged myself pretty well. The only thing that really did surprise me though, were the numbers of how strong/weak I was in each field. After finishing the test, I reviewed the article about the most common careers for ESFJs. It states; â€Å"ESFJs often find themselves in occupations that either involve a lot of direct interaction with other people (e.g. clients, other staff members) or involve responsibility for critical tasks (e.g. require thorough attention or may have serious consequences), or both† (Career Choices For Your Life). Ever since I was little I have wanted to study zoology in college. The description of an ESFJ’s career is somewhat accurate to my dream career of being a zoologist. I will not have direct interaction with people as much as I will with animals. One of the responsibilities of a zoologist is to assess the dietary needs of the animals—planning what a tiger eats for dinner is a critical task that could very well have serious and even fatal consequences. The results of my test fueled my drive to master zoology throughout my college career. These types of tests are always very interesting to me, I love learning new things about myself, and how I process information. The combined knowledge of the results of every test—personality, learning style, etc.—will help me to become more successful in life. Also, knowing how I learn and process information helps me understand that other people mightlearn differently than I do. Being able to comprehend my learning and personality styles at such an early age will give me more time to learn ways to teach, understand, and work with others who have a different style than I do. One of the most interesting things I learned by taking this test, was finding out the famous people who were ESFJs too, I had no clue that Martin Luther King and Eleanor Roosevelt were ESFJs! Knowing that these inspirational people understood things the same way that I do enlightens me to know that I too can be as big of an inspiration as they were. Works Cited Butt, Joe. â€Å"Extraverted Sensing Feeling Judging.† 16 October 2009. typelogic.com. Article. 7 August 2013. â€Å"Career Choices For You.† n.d. www.humanmetrics.com. Article. 7 August 2013.

The Importance of Accountability Essay

Accountability is important in any organization, in health care patients live can be at stake. â€Å"Accountability is defined as â€Å"being answerable to audiences for performing up to certain prescribed standards, thereby fulfilling obligations, duties, expectations, and other charges†. Employees on all levels need to be kept on a certain standard so accountability will be measured by performance assessments, this can be done weekly, biweekly, monthly and yearly. Check and balances is in place so that one department is not favorable over others, every department so that the organization can be successful. Having everyone accountable for their actions will increase workplace productions because others will not have to worry about others tasks. Maintaining a positive morale is essential it will increase employee’s productions and reduce employee error especially in a health care setting. Measuring Employees Accountability â€Å"As managers, providing an honest and thoughtful assessment can help your employees learn and grow, thereby making them more productive team members. Wilbanks, L. (2011).† Assessments are the core of any organizations because this is where a manager and employee can see where someone is lacking and address the problem. Positive reviews are praise for the employee that is doing their job correctly but negative reviews is where employee will need to address the problems by improving or getting more training. Yearly assessments are the most important because it is going to take every past assessment into consideration and if improve is not seen disciplinary actions may be taken as far being laid off depending on management’s decision. Check-and-Balance Checks-and-balances in government is put in place so that no one branch of government is more powerful than any other one. Organizations adopted this process so that no one department gets all the power but there is a certain amount of power to each department so that the organization can be successful. If power is not equally divided one or more departments are not going to be effective in the care for its patients. Accountability Organizations Working Culture There are many ways accountability is important and will affect a working culture usually in a positive way. One way that it will positively affect the work place is that employees will stick to their task at hand and not have to do other employees tasks. Each employee needs to be accountable for what their job description says and stick to their assignment. In a health care setting doing more than the employee is entitled to can be a serious problem especially if they are underqualified. For instance a monitor tech should only worry about the monitor but if a patient complains about being in pain he/she cannot give the patient anything that should be handled by nurses with directions by the physicians. There can be serious consequences for the technician because it can drastically affect the patient even causing death if something was administered wrong. Each patient was hired to do certain tasks and veering off those tasks should not be acceptable by any organizations. Positive Culture Morale is important in any organization because without a positive morale employees will not want to work or not put their full effort into their work. â€Å"Happy workers are known to be more creative, productive and team oriented. Jennifer Newman and, D. G. (2006, Jul 19).† Creating a positive culture among employees could be a difficult task for managers but not impossible. Having everyone accountable for their tasks and if organization goals are being met, rewards can be given out such as bonuses or lunches. This goes a long way for employees and shows what they should strive for instead of being off task. Employees knowing that they will get rewarded for their hard work and dedication can create a positive workplace for everyone as well as patients. Avoiding Culture of Blame The blame game is something to be avoided in the workplace because it only cause stress and strain on everyone in the workplace. Managers need to make sure it is understood that each employee stays on task and for those that are lacking or not handling their jobs will be met with disciplinary actions the day of their assessment. Keeping control is going to be very important for the managers because extra stress can lead to problems with patients. Importance of Accountability In this paper the importance of accountability was elaborated thoroughly, each employee needs to be accountable for each and every action they do on a day to day basis. Weekly, biweekly and annual assessments is a very important measurement so that the performance of each is kept at a certain standard. Keeping each department in a check-and-balance is important so that no one department is seen as all powerful among others. Each department needs to cooperate amongst each other to make the organization successful. Accountability is important so that there is a positive working culture. References Jennifer Newman and, D. G. (2006, Jul 19). 11 ways to boast morale in the workplace. Harbour City Star. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/357835576?accountid=458 Porter-O’Grady, T., & Malloch, K. (2007). Managing for success in health care. St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Wilbanks, L. (2011). Performance reviews. IT Professional Magazine, 13(1), 58-60. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2011.13

The List of All U.S. Colleges With a Music Major

Studying music allows one to engage with the subtle intersections of mathematics, theory, artistic expression, and material technique. If you’re thinking about pursuing your interest in music through your major, we’ve put together this post to offer some information on potential career paths as well as a comprehensive list of which schools may offer programs that fit your aspirations. For students interested in studying music in college, there are generally two paths: the music conservatory or the music major at a traditional higher-education institution. If you’re set on the pursuit of a path in performance or composition, then the more rigorous and specialized path of a conservatory is for you. However, for many students, the opportunity to couple music with other disciplines is enticing. In these cases, a more traditional institution has its merits. Music majors can double-major or pursue a minor to build up skills and experiences in two fields that complement each other. Popular subjects studied in conjunction with music include communications, psychology, business, and technology. Music programs themselves are usually well-balanced between scholarship and performance, emphasizing both practice and theory, as well as a good understanding of music history. In addition to the technical skills you gain in performance, composition, and music theory, you will come out of college with many transferable and in-demand skills, such as innovative thinking, communication and collaboration, and the ability to articulate meaning. Music majors often drawn upon their experiences and skills from their other courses when stepping into the job market. It’s useful to note that except for a few specialized, professional majors, it’s normal for a student’s eventual career to be unrelated to their undergraduate degree. That being said, music majors will find a plethora of related opportunities in the job market. Careers in music therapy, music education, and game design are directly related to undergraduate studies in music. One degree removed, careers in arts administration, app development, recording engineering, and music law also have high demand for music majors and are lucrative paths to take. Whether you’re planning on studying music or physics at college, a strong and dedicated application—with emphasis on a promising academic record—is just as important as your musical accomplishments. Colleges want to know that you will be able to excel not only in your program, but as a general student at their institution. Show your passion for music through you extracurriculars. Take music classes in high school; join a band or orchestra; participate in recitals or competitions. Start researching which schools have music programs, and begin narrowing down from there. Then you can put together your school list. Many students need help when putting together their college lists and then their applications. It’s a lot of work, and even more so if you need to tailor your profile to schools as a potential music student. can help you apply to your dream school no matter what point in high school you are at. If you’re still in your first two years of high school, our    Early Advising Program will help you build a strong extracurricular and academic base to prepare you for the college application process. We’ll guide you in choosing the right classes and extracurricular activities and how to draw on your strengths to optimize your profile in advance. If you’re a junior, our College Strategy Program will help you improve your admissions chances by strengthening your extracurricular profile, setting goals with you, developing a college list, and making school-specific adjustments to increase your chances at your dream schools. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Anderson University (South Carolina) Arkansas State University | A–State Austin Peay State University | APSU California State University, East Bay | CSU East Bay Bowling Green State University | BGSU C.W. Post Campus of Long Island University | LIU Post California Baptist University | CBU California Institute of the Arts | Cal Arts California Lutheran University | CLU California Polytechnic State University | Cal Poly California State Polytechnic University, Pomona | Cal Poly Pomona California State University Channel Islands | CSU Channel Islands California State University San Marcos | CSUSM California State University, Bakersfield | CSU Bakersfield California State University, Chico | CSU Chico California State University, Dominguez Hills | CSUDH California State University, Fresno | CSU Fresno California State University, Fullerton | CSU Fullerton California State University, Long Beach | Long Beach State California State University, Los Angeles | Cal State LA California State University, Monterey Bay | CSUMB California State University, Northridge | CSUN California State University, Sacramento | Sacramento State California State University, San Bernardino | CSUSB California State University, Stanislaus | Stanislaus State Catholic University of America | CUA Central Christian College of Kansas Central Connecticut State University | CCSU Central Washington University | CWU Delaware State University | Del State Charleston Southern University | CSU Christopher Newport University | CNU Eastern Washington University | EWU Coastal Carolina University | Coastal College of Staten Island | CUNY CSI College of the Holy Cross | Holy Cross College of William & Mary | William & Mary Colorado Christian University | CCU Colorado State University–Pueblo | CSU Pueblo Columbia International University | CIU Concordia University Wisconsin | CUW Massachusetts Institute of Technology | MIT East Texas Baptist University | ETBU Eastern Connecticut State University | ECSU Eastern New Mexico University | ENMU North Carolina Central University | NCCU Elizabeth City State University | ECSU North Dakota State University | NDSU Fayetteville State University | FSU Florida Gulf Coast University | FGCU Florida International University | FIU Fort Valley State University | FVSU Franciscan University of Steubenville Franklin and Marshall College | F&M Georgia Institute of Technology | Georgia Tech Georgia Southwestern State University | GSW Northwest Missouri State University Grand Valley State University | GVSU Hannibal–LaGrange University | HLGU Hobart and William Smith Colleges | HWS Pennsylvania State University | PSU Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis | IUPUI Indiana University Bloomington | Indiana Indiana University of Pennsylvania | IUP Indiana University South Bend | IU South Bend Indiana University Southeast | IU Southeast Jacksonville State University | JSU Kutztown University of Pennsylvania | KU Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania | LHU Los Angeles College of Music | LACM Louisiana Tech University | La. Tech Mansfield University of Pennsylvania State University of New York at Potsdam | SUNY Potsdam Stephen F. Austin State University | SFA Metropolitan State University of Denver | MSU Denver MidAmerica Nazarene University | MNU Middle Tennessee State University | MTSU Millersville University of Pennsylvania | MU Tennessee Technological University | Tennessee Tech Minnesota State University Moorhead | MSUM Minnesota State University, Mankato | MNSU Mississippi University for Women | MUW Mississippi Valley State University | MVSU Montana State University Billings | MSU Billings University of California, Berkeley | UC Berkeley University of California, Davis | UC Davis Mount Vernon Nazarene University | MVNU University of California, Irvine | UC Irvine New Mexico Highlands University | NMHU New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology | New Mexico Tech New York City College of Technology | CUNY City Tech North Carolina A&T State University | N.C. A&T University of California, San Diego | UCSD North Carolina State University | NC State Northeastern Illinois University | NEIU Northeastern State University | NSU Northwest Christian University | NCU Northwest Florida State College | NWFSC University of Massachusetts Dartmouth | UMass Dartmouth Northwest Nazarene University | NNU Northwestern Oklahoma State University | NWOSU Oklahoma Panhandle State University | OPSU Oklahoma Wesleyan University | OKWU Oregon Institute of Technology | Oregon Tech Our Lady of the Lake University | OLLU Palm Beach Atlantic University | PBA Point Loma Nazarene University | PLNU Prairie View A&M University | PVAMU Queens College, City University of New York | CUNY QC Ramapo College of New Jersey | RCNJ Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | RPI University of Wisconsin–River Falls | UW–River Falls Rutgers University–New Brunswick | Rutgers Saginaw Valley State University | SVSU Saint Martin’s University | St. Martin’s Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College | SMWC Saint Mary’s College of California | St. Mary’s Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota | SMU Sam Houston State University | SHSU San Francisco State University | SF State School of the Art Institute of Chicago | SAIC Sewanee: The University of the South | Sewanee Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania | SRU South Carolina State University | SCSU Southeast Missouri State University | SEMO Southeastern Oklahoma State University | SOSU Southern Connecticut State University | SCSU Southern Illinois University Carbondale | SIU Southern Illinois University Edwardsville | SIUE Southern Methodist University | SMU Southern New Hampshire University | SNHU Southern University and A&M College | SUBR Southwest Minnesota State University | SMSU Southwestern Assemblies of God University | SAGU Southwestern Christian College | SwCC Southwestern Oklahoma State University | SWOSU St. John’s College | SJC (New Mexico) State University of New York at Fredonia | SUNY Fredonia State University of New York at New Paltz | SUNY New Paltz State University of New York at Oneonta | SUNY Oneonta State University of New York at Oswego | SUNY Oswego State University of New York at Plattsburgh | SUNY Plattsburgh Brigham Young University–Idaho | BYU–Idaho State University of New York at Purchase | SUNY Purchase California University of Pennsylvania | Cal U Tennessee Wesleyan University | TWU Texas A&M International University | TAMIU Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi The State University of New York at Binghamton | SUNY Binghamton The State University of New York at Buffalo | SUNY Buffalo The State University of New York at Geneseo | SUNY Geneseo The State University of New York at Stony Brook | SUNY Stony Brook Trinity International University | TIU University of Alabama at Birmingham | UAB University of Alaska Anchorage | UAA University of Alaska Fairbanks | UAF University of Arkansas at Little Rock | UA Little Rock University of Arkansas at Monticello | UAM University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff | UAPB University of Arkansas–Fort Smith | UAFS University of California, Los Angeles | UCLA University of California, Riverside | UC Riverside University of California, Santa Barbara | UCSB University of California, Santa Cruz | UCSC University of Central Arkansas | UCA University of Central Florida | UCF University of Central Missouri | UCM University of Central Oklahoma | UCO University of Colorado Boulder | CU Boulder University of Colorado Denver | CU Denver University of Hawaii at Manoa | UH Manoa University of Illinois at Chicago | UIC University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign | UIUC University of Louisiana at Lafayette | UL Lafayette University of Louisiana at Monroe | ULM University of Maine at Augusta | UMA University of Maine at Farmington | UMF University of Mary Hardin–Baylor | UMHB University of Mary Washington | UMW University of Maryland Eastern Shore | UMES University of Maryland, Baltimore County | UMBC University of Maryland, College Park | Maryland University of Massachusetts Amherst | UMass Amherst University of Massachusetts Boston | UMass Boston University of Massachusetts Lowell | UMass Lowell University of Michigan–Flint | UofM-Flint University of Minnesota Duluth | UMD University of Minnesota, Twin Cities | Minnesota University of Mississippi | Ole Miss University of Missouri–Kansas City | UMKC University of Missouri–St. Louis | UMSL University of Montana Western | UMW University of Nebraska at Kearney | UNK University of Nebraska–Lincoln | UNL University of Nevada, Las Vegas | UNLV University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill | UNC University of North Carolina at Charlotte | UNC Charlotte University of North Carolina at Greensboro | UNC Greensboro University of North Carolina at Pembroke | UNC Pembroke University of North Carolina at Wilmington | UNC Wilmington University of North Carolina School of the Arts | UNCSA University of Northwestern – St. Paul The State University of New York at Albany | SUNY Albany University of South Alabama | South University of South Carolina Aiken | USC Aiken University of South Carolina Upstate | USC Upstate University of Southern California | USC University of Southern Mississippi | Southern Miss University of Tennessee at Chattanooga | UTC University of Tennessee at Martin | UTM University of Texas at Arlington | UT Arlington University of Texas at Austin | UT Austin University of Texas at El Paso | UTEP University of Texas at San Antonio | UTSA University of Texas at Tyler | UT Tyler University of Texas of the Permian Basin | UT Permian Basin University of the District of Columbia | UDC University of the Incarnate Word | UIW University of Wisconsin-Madison | Wisconsin University of Wisconsin–Green Bay | UW–Green Bay University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee | UWM University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh | UW Oshkosh University of Wisconsin–Platteville | UW–Platteville University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point | UW–Stevens Point University of Wisconsin–Superior | UW–Superior University of Wisconsin–Whitewater | UW–Whitewater Virginia Commonwealth University | VCU Washington and Jefferson College | W&J Washington University in St. Louis | WashU Western Connecticut State University | WCSU Western Washington University | WWU William Paterson University | WPUNJ Winston-Salem State University | WSSU University of St. Thomas (Minnesota) York College, City University of New York | CUNY York Regardless of what stage of the application processes you’re in, our College Application Program can help your student create a profile that stands out. Working one on one with an admissions counselor, we can guide your student through everything from creating a college list to planning for financial stability in college.

Problem-Solution of Global Warming Research Paper

Problem-Solution of Global Warming - Research Paper Example More than a third of the US was affected by the drought that ended in late July. During this period, the country also suffered from destructive that demolished houses felled trees and brought down power infrastructure. The country also witnessed fires destroy over 700 homes in Colorado. However, the 2012 disasters are not the only ones, in the preceding year the U.S. had unprecedented fourteen unfavourable weather events that culminated to a loss of almost $50 billion and unaccounted health costs. In 2012, the country suffered 74 deaths as a result of extreme heat. Moreover, the mortality rate related to the hot climatic condition has been a trend for the past two decades. In 2011, the country lost 206 people an increase from 138 in 2010. National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration reported that death caused by increased heat has doubled as an average of 10 years from past years average. It is forecasted that global warming if not addressed will kill more than a hundred thousand Am erica as a result of increased heat. The side effect of flood and storms do not comprise death and destruction of property only, but it includes contaminating drinking water resulting in the outbreak of communicable infectious diseases. Increased heat and air pollution make people suffer from respiratory problems. Furthermore, global warming effects have increased tropical storms. Florida experienced immersed flooding in 2012 and claimed about seven people. The flood also destroyed about 100 households and displaced thousands other while causing damages worth billions of dollars to homes, beaches and businesses.

Australian Uni Important assignment(Minitab17 required) Assignment

Australian Uni Important (Minitab17 required) - Assignment Example tion between whether there are any pre-school children in the household and the likelihood of the household renting DVDs from a DVD rental service in a typical week (PreSchoolers and Rental). The Nordic Ecolabel is the official Ecolabel of the Nordic countries and was established in 1989 by the Nordic Council of Ministers.The Nordic Ecolabel evaluates a products impact on the environment throughout the whole life cycle. The label guarantees among other things that climate requirements are taken into account, and that CO2 emissions (and other harmful gasses) are limited.The "Swan" symbol, as it is known in Nordic countries, is available for a large number of product groups. Companies can obtain the right to use the Nordic Ecolabel on their†¨product via a licensing process. Environmental criteria, performance criteria and quality and regulatory criteria must be satisfied. A Nordic Ecolabelled bakery is a bakery that has been awarded a Nordic Ecolabel licence subject to strict requirements that cover the entire business. Criteria are set on ingredients, energy use, packaging, transport, cleaning chemicals, the working environment and waste management. A Nordic Ecolabelled bakery must ensure that the manufacturing of the bread has a low environmental impact from a life cycle perspective. This applies to the baking as well as the supplier chain. One of the requirements is that the total energy use in the bakery’s production processshould not exceed 1.50 kilowatts per hour per kg. Another is that at least 95% of the palm oil used in the bakery must be certified according to a standard that includes balancing financial, ecological and social interests and this standard must promote and contribute towards sustainable forestry agriculture. A study of Bread Basket Bakeries, a chain of Nordic bakeries, found that the average amount of energy used in their bakeries follows a normal distribution with a mean of 2 kilowatts per hour per kgand a standard deviation of

The Dixie Group - a case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Dixie Group - a case study - Essay Example The Familytique, the Peppercorn Cottage and the Michaelmas house too need to integrate their sales activity as they come under the shops category. The market square which is a public place for the traders which happens every Wednesday, they book their stall in advance. The payments collected from them should be properly listed and receipts are given in return. These should be integrated using program based information system. The management information system provides information to support management decision making. Pre-specific and pre-planned reporting to managers is accomplished by information reporting systems. Support for managers is accomplished by decision support systems. Information for top management is provided by executive information system. The information system provides information on the operations of the system to management for the direction and maintenance of the system (control). It is important to understand information system in the context of their use in information processing, which is also called data processing. â€Å"an information system uses the resources of hardware (machines and media), software (programs and procedures), and people (specialities and end users) to perform input, processing, output, storage and control activities that convert data resources into information products.† (James A. O’Brien). Thus the information system performs operational, managerial, and strategic support role in the business. These need to be a good information system to integrate the business activity to achieve the goals. The operations information system uses the data generated by and used in business operations. That is, it record and process data update it and produce it into reports. Physical processes are controlled by process control system and office activities are supported by the office automation system. This would help the organisation to achieve an organised

Descriptive Statistic paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Descriptive Statistic paper - Essay Example From the above data collected the column A represents high ATM usage while B represents debit card usage, the first data n high ATM usage has a mean value of 10.3 and the minimum amount is 2 and maximum amount of 20, the standard deviation is 18.45 and for this reason the data is negatively skewed The above chart shows negative skew for the high ATM usage, this states that more of the data observations lie on the lower measures of the data; less data on the other hand lies on the higher measure of the data. The data on debit card usage is also negatively skewed and this means that more of the data observations lies on the lower measures of the data, less data on the other hand lies on the higher measure of the data. The mean of high ATM usage is 10.3 showing that there are more individuals using ATM, the mean of debit card usage is 0.43 showing that less people use debit cards. The mean is a measure of central tendencies of the data and they give us the probability of expected turnout. Therefore from this measure it is clear that more people use ATM but less people use Debit cards. The standard deviation is a measure of dispersion from the mean, the higher the standard deviation then the higher is the dispersion from the mean, however the lower the standard deviation then the lower is the standard deviation. In our case the ATM usage standard deviation is 18.45 and this is higher than the deviation of debit card usage which is 0.25. The population standard deviation is a measure of dispersion from the mean for the entire population, In this case the ATM usage population standard deviation is 18.14 and the population standard deviation for debit card usage is 0.25, the population standard deviation helps us to determine the validity of data analysis of the sample because a sample should be a representative of the entire population, therefore our sample is not biased and therefore represents the entire population due to the low errors on central

To What Extent Is Scientific Management an Appropriate Way to Manage Essay

To What Extent Is Scientific Management an Appropriate Way to Manage In the 21st Century - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the evolution of management has been termed as a continuous process that changes and adapts according to the need for the scenario. Schaltegger and Burritt observed that managerial theories and concepts have been developed by scholars mainly by observing the nature of work being conducted and managed at an operational level in the companies. However, Levin observed that most of the theories were developed with a single focus on improving employee management and resource utilization process of the firms. Cash et al. stated that Taylor’s theory of scientific management was among the first managerial concepts to widen the scope of management approach for the business houses and also develop a national focus on the aspect of efficiency. The theory of scientific management was praised and criticised for its principles and policies by the contemporary researchers of management. Considering the contemporary scenario of management practic es, it can be stated that with the changes in the market and customer response, organizations have also initiated numerous alterations in their operational practices. One of the most crucial aspects of the business management processes, as stated by Waddell, is the power enjoyed by the workforce of the firms which was almost ignorable during the time of scientific management. Carrying forward these arguments and statements, the essay will focus on evaluating the validity of the scientific management process in the contemporary scenario. According to Schaltegger and Burritt, scientific management primarily focuses on the aspect of discipline for developing better employee management processes. The features of the scientific management can be assessed by evaluating the principles and guidelines of the managerial processes. Although many changes have taken place in the aspect of business management processes, discipline has always remained one of the core variables. The first feature o f the scientific management system can be thus reflected as the systematic approach which allows managers to control their workforce and direct them in the desired manner. This systematic approach is designed by observing the behavioral pattern of the employees and the needs of the organization. Managing the employees in a controlled atmosphere helps the company to achieve employee loyalty.

Solving the Medicare Crisis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Solving the Medicare Crisis - Case Study Example It is worth mentioning that the largest portion of the American economy dumps into health care programs for the citizens of the country. Medicare comprises the largest portion of the health care budget of the US. Due to the sensitivity of issues surrounding US Medicare program, this paper will identify the contemporary challenges, discuss the challenges, other specific issues surrounding the crisis within the Medicare of US. Solving the Medicare Crisis With the growing population of aged people in America, Medicare is gaining much popularity due its structure of saving and providing health care to the old age members of the society. The importance bestowed on Medicare cannot be overlooked at the expense of any other crisis that could be facing the scheme. Worthy to note is that Medicare started experiencing circumstantial crisis in the year 2007 at the verge of global financial crisis. Being among the influential sectors of the economy, US government increased its budget margins exte nded to the health care and Medicare in particular. However, the problems and crisis facing Medicare in US are persistent and unresponsive to the government huge budget allocation to support the program and improve general quality of health care in the US. Currently the government has set a Congress panel to analyze the contemporary crisis and make viable decisions. Why Medicare is in a Crisis and Why Radical Reforms are Necessary The American Medicare is in dire situation of liquidation and termination as the number of consumers faces an upward tilt resulted by the predictable growing number of aged people. Eure (2005) reports that crisis facing health care could increase and become worse than in the future years. In order to preserve and ensure sustainability of the program, certain radical measures are essential and of great need in such a situation. How is Medicare funded now? Why do the elderly feel that Medicare is an insurance program, not a welfare program? Is this perceptio n accurate? According to Robinson (2011), Medicare program gets fund in different ways depending on the divisions. Robinson (2011) mentions that Part A of Medicare program that covers in-patient hospital bills is catered for by Hospital insurance Fund (HI Fund). Part A division of Medicare gets finance from the 1.45% government’s deductions made on the pay slips of workers and employers in general. Part B of the Medicare run by Supplemental Medical Insurance (SMI Fund) covers the appointments of doctors. SMI Funds obtains finances from the premiums and the general national budget. Robinson (2011) exemplifies that premiums and taxes channeled into the SMI Funds undergoes yearly adjustments and therefore can never be overdrawn. Robinson (2011) reveals that the Congressional Budget Office through the reflection of the HI Funds usually determines the stability of Medicare. According to Robinson (2011), in spite of the great contribution of taxes and premiums to the Medicare, the vast cost of Medicare gets financial support from the government. The funding of Medicare program is usually sourced from the taxation of individual employees working in the US economy (Emmanuel, 2011). In addition, individual employees organize for payment of monthly premium that is deducted from the salary of the stakeholders. Eure (2005) unveils that in 2004, individual participants in the Medicare program paid a total of $66. 60 per month.

Teaching ESL Students Essay Example for Free

Teaching ESL Students Essay In the summer of 2008 I worked in a private college for girls in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. ( Due to the college’s policy, I was asked not to reveal the name of the college). This College offers continuing education and extension courses to meet the needs of women in the community for professional development and personal enrichment programs. In summer it offers a 4 week Intensive English Language Program. I was asked to teach two levels; level one and level three. In my level one class, I had a total of 9 students, and they were all Saudi’s: four of them were 15 years old, 2 of them where 11 years old, 2 were 13 years old, and one of them was 24 years old. All of them came from Saudi government schools. I met with them 5 days a week for 2 hours. The books used for the course was interchange level 1. However I also used Word by Word Picture Dictionary. Reading, writing, grammar, listening, speaking, and vocabulary were skills I taught in the program. Puzzle Area Generally, as an ESL teacher, I never use Arabic in class in order to expose students to the new language. However, I very quickly realized that the students were not responding well to my use of English only. I could see that the students felt insecure and confused. Even the simplest question â€Å"What’s your name? † was answered with head nodding or a crooked smile. So I used the Tarzan method, â€Å"I AM JANE†, but it was not effective. This response was a sign to change my method. I remembered the days in Pakistan as a child I tried to fit in while my classmates spoke Urdu and I felt like an alien lost and confused listening to gibberish from my perspective or rather trying to solve secret codes and guess what is being said. My focus automatically shifted not to learn the words but to try and understand body language. And this is what I saw in my students’ eyes i. e. they lost track of words and focused on my facial expressions and body language to try and understand what was going on. The look on their faces always seemed to say â€Å"What an earth is she saying † Thus, I puzzled over how I could best meet the needs of these very low level learners and whether or not I should use Arabic in class or not. Exploring the Puzzle Area I decided to experiment with using Arabic minimally to encourage learning English and to especially create a comfortable atmosphere for the beginners to express themselves. For instance when I introduced the vocabulary words, I allowed them to use Arabic. It was more or less a co-operative learning strategy. I gave them the word and defined it in English and some students said it out loud in Arabic helping each other understand the new words fully. Moreover, I felt the need to use Arabic myself when it came to teaching abstract vocabulary because I wanted to ensure induced errors would be avoided. I would ask my students to tell me what the word means in Arabic. Saying the word in Arabic myself was my last resort for I did it to spot check on the students and to further avoid their frustration. In grammar it was a different issue. I decided not to use Arabic, but eventually I realized it was big mistake and a waste of time. Explaining the grammar rules only in English was causing lots of problems with understanding the lesson, due to the low level of my students. I repeated the lesson many times speaking slowly with the simplest words believing that they at least understood something from the lesson. But my efforts were in vain because once I asked the class to start practicing the exercises orally, no one responded. Whereas when I used a bit of Arabic as well as English in the same lesson, it was more effective. For example, Arabic generally follows the verb- subject structure. In English, however, the general structure is subject-verb-object. So pinpointing such basic factors and presenting model sentences in both languages clarified their misuse of a simple sentence in English. Thus, the passivity in the beginning changed; the students suddenly got interested and active, and started to work in groups to combine many sentences on their own. I realized that using L1 for beginners was beneficial grammar because students could understand grammatical structures and practice their application gradually as their level improves. Teaching reading was basically an individual effort that depended on the students’ efforts. To improve their reading skills they were asked to read aloud simple passages to improve their reading and pronunciation of words. However, for critical thinking skills, I asked them to silently read paragraphs and then asked questions about the part they read to check their perception and understanding of the topic. In reading, I allowed them to use Arabic to express their thoughts about a topic, because if I depended on English alone the class would be unresponsive. Gradually, in two weeks time the class began to open up and feel comfortable with using English in their responses. For example, in a reading lesson after silently reading the passage, one of the students knew she understood the topic but admitted that she was shy and afraid to answer the questions in English. This phobia is a general problem in Saudi students especially beginners. There is a fear of being wrong or feeling embarrassed. So, the fact that she was allowed to start in Arabic and include some English was a comforting experience. A student for instance would respond with broken sentences: â€Å"exercise it about exercise†¦ † and form discussions with their classmates in Arabic and ask the teacher for the correct form of answering, mimic it, and in turn learn it. Hence, they initially began with participating in L1 but grew to use L2 too after a while. The most difficult part of L2 learning that many beginners face is writing. In the first writing class I started with the basics, such as brainstorming then classifying their ideas. The problem that arose was the students’ limited vocabulary. They were able to participate using L1 and began asking the words meanings and jotting them down. It was not an effective process because the class turned out to be a vocabulary lesson. So I had to change plans. The next class I assigned them to read short paragraphs and focus on the structure, sentence order, words meanings and punctuation. Then in class we worked on a similar paragraph but with mistakes and edited it together. The students enjoyed this activity and used L1 to tell me the mistakes and why it is wrong. Gradually, I encouraged them to copy the forms they took but with a different topic. For example, they took a paragraph about fishing, and I asked them to write about swimming. The students copied the exact paragraph with a few changes. They got to learn a lot gradually when they wrote a paragraph on their own. L1 was used minimally just as a comfort zone for discussing topics and explaining rules, and they did learn the basics of writing in L2 at the end. Students don’t ask each other about particular words and structures and get it much easier. In upper-intermediate group we talk in English and that’s not a problem we don’t have to explain vocabulary or grammar in Arabic. So it’s the matter of the language advancement in English. This way of teaching is much more efficient. Conclusion Whether to use native language when teaching ESL students is a matter of constant debate and when choosing education method the teacher should consider students’ background, their primary knowledge and their abilities to learning. It is known that the more differences between languages the most difficulties students are faced with. The same situation is observed with Arabic and English as languages are completely different. Nevertheless, from the very beginning I was against using Arabic in teaching English as, in such a way, I hoped to achieve the higher level of commitment and I expected students to learn faster. But education process showed that it is normal to use Arabic when teaching students with low level of English because many students simply didn’t respond to my speech and efforts to explain some rules. I see students were confused as they couldn’t understand what I expected from them. The method to focus on facial expression, not on learning words failed as well. When I decided to use Arabic minimally I saw that such encouragement appeared to be more effective in creating more comfortable atmosphere for students to express their ideas. Therefore-, I concluded that co-operative learning strategy is the best method of learning beginners. Native language can be used when explaining abstract vocabulary, explaining new grammar and ensuring that all rules are understandable.

Speech And Language Therapy For Children

Speech And Language Therapy For Children The Speech and Language Therapy profession is arguably one of the most important in Irish healthcare today. Its combat against the prevalence of communication disorders in this country especially for young children up to five years of age, in their crucial development stage, is fundamental in enabling those that could not otherwise manage it themselves, participate normally in society. But the last decade has seen a steady rise in such cases accessing public speech and language therapy services and the resources are currently not meeting existing and future demand. In fact quite the opposite is happening; public resources managed by the HSE are in decline as cuts to HSE budgets have been a constant since the beginning of the recession. Waiting lists for the public services are at an all-time-high and demand for private services have risen as a consequence but overall, children with speech and language needs are in a state of neglect and these needs will become more complex and problematic the longer they wait. Introduction. There are a lot of problems in our health system today that are apparently being addressed by the concept of reform. But somewhere within this system in reform there is an immerging issue of pretty dire proportions. Communication in human beings is a fundamental and natural skill that shapes the very world we live in. To not be in possession of such a seemingly basic skill would to essentially, be left out of society. Hard to imagine, yet thousands of children in the country each year present with communication difficulties. Speech and Language Therapy addresses these difficulties and with great success however such difficulties left untreatedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ What is Speech and Language Therapy? Classified as a healthcare profession Speech and Language Therapy aims to assess, diagnose and manage those who have difficulties with their communication skills. Speech and Language Therapy enables those with such difficulties to achieve their full potential to communicate and therefore integrate properly into society. Children with speech and language issues are among a very common group that are at a risk of developmental, learning, behavioural and social difficulties. Between 50-90% of children aged three with communication deficiencies will continue to have difficulties throughout their childhood. (HSE.ie Speech and Language Therapy. 2013). Image www.arcspeech.ieSpeech and Language skills are vital to a childs development which happens through communication. Language forms the very basis of communication for which reading, writing, speaking and listening are all part of. The ability to communicate is crucial for children to communicate with their peers. Children with delayed language development entering their first year in school are at risk of not being able to access the school curriculum. (ARC Speech Language Therapy Clinic 2013). The key to a more successful outcome for communication disorders is early intervention. When Would a Child Need Speech and Language Therapy? Guidelines. There are general guidelines for parents who may suspect that their child might be in need of or may benefit from speech and language therapy. For example, if the child has difficulties understanding instructions compared to other children, is late in development of talking, has a hoarse voice, has a stammer or stutter, finds playing with peers challenging or is not interested in interacting with others or is 3 and there is difficulty understanding their speech. (Irish Association of Speech Language Therapists. 2013). Typical stages of speech and language development for parents to understand at what stage their child should be at are outlined in the table below. Figure : Typical Stages 6 to 9 months 9 to 12 months 12 to 15 months 15 to 18 months 18 to 24 months 2 to 3 years 3 to 4 years 4 to 5 years Babble a long string of syllables aloud Point and imitate. Say yes and no and shake head accordingly Understand and respond to simple instructions. Be able to say 6 to 20 words and understand even more. Have a range of up to 50 phrases. Ask for food and drink. Understood 50 to 75% of the time. 3 to 4 words together in a sentence. Understand opposites. Ask Why questions. Understood 80% of time. 6 word sentences. Recognise some words in books/signs. More complex sentences with few errors. (Catriona Lysaght Speech and Language Therapist. 2013). My Child is Not Following the Typical Stages. All children develop at different rates and a parent knows their child best (Catriona Lysaght 2013) but a parent whose child does not seem to follow or fit the typical development stages, should have reasonable cause for concern and talk to their G.P. who can form their own opinion and refer to a Speech and Language Therapist if necessary. Assessment. The very first step to the Speech and Language process is always the initial assessment in which to gauge the childs speech and language skills in relation to the typical stages of speech and language development. The assessment is child age and ability specific and the parent normally will have completed a questionnaire to give the therapist a good understanding of the childs skills. General Assessments. Some of the general things that the therapist assesses during the initial assessment may include: Figure : Assessments Speech Sounds The sounds that the child uses to make words and how the child uses those words themselves as part of their language. Oro-motor/Motor Speech The childs ability to move the mouth muscles for both speech and non-speech tasks. Receptive Language Skills The childs understanding of language used by others around them. Expressive Language Skills How the child uses words to expresses themselves. Fluency/Stuttering/Stammering The therapist examines the characteristics of the childs stammering. Feeding, Eating, Drinking and Swallowing (FEDS) Only for children with difficulty in the area, the therapist observes the childs eating to assess things like chewing skills, drooling and ability to feed independently. (Irish Association of Speech Language Therapists. 2013). Image www.spectrumhealth.ie Feedback. Once the initial assessment has been completed the therapist will give the parent verbal feedback on their findings and discuss the results of the assessment. A plan for moving forward to best suit the needs of the child is also discussed along with whether or not the need for a block of speech and language therapy is required. (Irish Association of Speech Language Therapists. 2013). Potential Issues. Speech and language issues for a child could also indicate other potential issues for that child that otherwise could not be determined at an earlier stage of their development. While most children who attend speech and language therapy benefit greatly from the intervention, for some parents it can mean the realisation on an underlying issue such as Autism or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Early Intervention. Prompt assessment and early intervention is critical if the long-term implications of a speech and language impairment is to be successfully reduced. (HSE.ie Health Service Executive Website Speech and Language Therapy. 2013). The earlier a child is assessed and diagnosed for treatment, the earlier that treatment can begin and the more successful the treatment will be. Children have a window up to the age of five of prime time for brain development and ideally any therapy treatment should be during this time. The older the child, the least effective the therapy is so early intervention is key. Image www.speechlanguagetherapyni.com Services: Public vs. Private. Public speech and language therapy services are free in Ireland but there are private alternatives for a family who wish to have their child seen to much more quickly than they could be seen to by the public service. Private services can also offer more regular, specialist services with more flexible hours and the associated costs are mostly covered by many of the health insurance companies but the outlay can be expensive overall. Parents who simply cannot afford to have their child seen privately have little alternative but to join the public waiting list. Speech and Language Therapy Demand in Ireland. It is estimated that over 5% of children will experience a Speech and Language delay which means that up to 6,000 children each year will have a specific speech or language impairment by the time they reach the school-going age. (Cluas.ie | Speech and Language Therapy| Language Development. 2013). With the increase on birth rates in Ireland today, this figure is likely to increase. The demand for speech and language therapy in Ireland has been steadily rising over the last decade as figure 3 shows: Figure : People Accessing Primary Speech and Language Therapy in Ireland (Department of Health, 2012) Speech and Language Resources in Ireland. Public resources for Speech and Language Therapy have drastically reduced since the beginning of the recession where recruitment bans across the Health Service have impacted heavily on the patient-to-therapist ratio that have seen waiting lists grow longer and longer up to 2 years in some areas (Irish Examiner 2013). Desperate parents have been flocking to their local TDs as a last resort and a number of them have pleaded on their constituents behalf in the Dail for a lifting of the ban specifically for Speech and Language Therapists e.g. (Patrick Nulty 2013). Therapists themselves are feeling the stresses and strains of the system where the long waiting lists are the main source of frustration (HSE.ie Speech and Language Therapist 2013). They are only too aware of the ticking clock that is the development window of each child on the list. All of this in contrast to the promises made by the Minister for Health in 2011 for radical reform across the health sector (James Reilly 2011). Conclusion. With the rising demand for speech and language therapy coupled with reductions in public services, the very foundation of speech and language development; early intervention has become a contradiction in terms. Paradoxically, the relatively small savings currently being made with recruitment embargos in the health service are very likely to be overshadowed by the future costs that will be associated with developing the children whose needs are not currently being met. This might make some economic sense to those who maintain that the funds simply are not there now to meet current demands but on a human level, its simply unjust to expect children to delay their own learning development for the sake of economics. Recommendations. Resources for speech and language therapy need to be restored to appropriate levels to handle current demand with priority given to the areas in most need; with the longest waiting lists and lower patient-to-therapist ratios. Similarly reforms within the health service, especially in this field are desperately required and long overdue. The Government and HSE must deliver on their reforms promised in 2011 to reduce waiting lists across the health system (James Reilly 2011).